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The Jack Russell Terrier Breed
A BRIEF LOOK
HISTORY
The Jack Russell terrier is a true working terrier, named after the Reverend John Russell. He bred one of the best strains of terriers for fox hunting in England, United Kingdom (U.K.). This breed is known as a baying terrier, which means it uses barking to flush out the fox but does not kill it. Since the early 1800s, the Jack Russell has been specifically bred for hunting. Due to its diverse genetic makeup, there are variations in the standard of Jack Russell terriers. In England, U.K., disagreement over leg length led to the division of the breed into separate types – the Parson Jack Russell terriers with longer legs and the Jack Russell terriers with shorter legs. In America, the long-legged dogs are officially recognized as Jack Russell terriers, despite the short-legged ones being more popular. The breed has been favoured by horse enthusiasts for years. Media exposure, like the fame of “Moose” from the show “Frasier” and “Soccer” from “Wishbone,” has boosted the breed’s popularity. Although the Jack Russell Terrier is a recent addition to the AKC terrier group, its recognition sparked protests from enthusiasts who were concerned about the breed’s welfare. As a result, two national associations exist for the breed: the original Jack Russell Terrier Club of America and the newer one.
PERSONALITY TRAITS AND FACTS
People must understand the Jack Russell Terrier’s personality traits because this breed does not suit everyone. A Jack Russell’s energetic nature requires plenty of exercise while its vocal tendencies and hunting instinct drive it to explore and wander. The Jack Russell Terrier retains its hunting instinct despite any training efforts. It instinctively identifies household cats and hamsters as potential prey.
The Jack Russell Terrier has three distinct coat varieties, which include smooth, broken, and rough types (with longer coarse hair). All the coats tend to shed. Jack Russells exhibit a white coat with either black or tan markings. The breed has a compact, muscular body. The official height requirement for Jack Russell Terriers by the Jack Russell Terrier Club of America (JRTCA) ranges from 10 to 15 inches but the American Kennel Club (AKC) breed standard requires dogs to be between 12 and 14 inches tall. Show dogs recognized by JRTCA fall into two size categories, 10 to 12 1/2 inches and 12 1/2 inches to 15 inches.
PERSONALITY
The Jack Russell terrier possesses high energy and a cheerful temperament along with a powerful drive to work. A Jack Russell reaches its highest state of contentment through companionship and meaningful tasks. A Jack Russell terrier displays normal digging behavior when he takes on the role of rodent control in your yard. Jack Russells have been genetically bred to possess hunting abilities which constitute their natural instincts. Jack Russells require training because they possess both strong hunting instincts and high energy levels. A Jack Russell terrier will always triumph in a battle of wills. The Jack Russell exhibits vocal behavior because he is a baying terrier. The Jack Russell possesses a naturally alert temperament which makes them excellent watchdogs. Jack Russells show natural assertiveness which can lead to intolerance of young children and other pets in the home. Other dogs frequently experience aggression from them.
LIVING WITH JACK RUSSELLS
This breed is not for everyone because of the Jack Russell’s temperament. It is impossible to train the hunting instinct out of a breed. These dogs naturally view the hamster or household cat as prey. If brought into the home as a puppy, some might be able to learn to get along with other pets, but a prospective guardian should think about the possibilities beforehand. A house with a wide enclosed yard is ideal for a Jack Russell terrier, who requires a lot of exercise. Numerous Jack Russells have been imprisoned in underground culverts and dens for days due to their natural desire to explore and hunt. Daily vigorous walks are essential if kept indoors. The Jack Russell also likes to accompany people on long fetch games or hikes. If you want a dog that will spend the entire day sitting quietly on the couch, this breed is not for you.
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